Within a span of 25.5 years, from 1995 to June 2021, in order to reduce fiscal costs:

• 79 countries increased the contribution rate in their PAYGO programs (example: Croatia, Netherlands, Norway)
• 63 increased the retirement age (example: Japan, Ukraine, United Kingdom)
• 62 adjusted the benefits formula or reduced the benefits plan (example: Argentina, Brazil, Italy)

To access the full document, please click here.